Question 1

A patient presents with foot drop after a fibular neck fracture. Which nerve is most likely injured, and what is the primary motor deficit expected?

Accepted Answer

Common fibular nerve; loss of dorsiflexion

Question 2

Which muscle is the primary extensor of the knee and what is its innervation?

Accepted Answer

Rectus femoris; femoral nerve

Question 3

A 25-year-old athlete suffers a deep laceration to the medial thigh. Which artery is most at risk of injury, and what is its major branch supplying the posterior thigh?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery; profunda femoris

Question 4

Which ligament is most commonly injured in an ankle inversion sprain?

Accepted Answer

Anterior talofibular ligament

Question 5

Which muscle group is responsible for hip abduction and what is the main nerve supply?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius and minimus; superior gluteal nerve

Question 6

A patient cannot extend their wrist and fingers after a mid-shaft humeral fracture. Which nerve is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Radial nerve

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the anatomical snuffbox and its clinical significance?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by the tendons of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis, and tenderness here suggests scaphoid fracture

Question 8

Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin over the lateral forearm?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 9

A patient is unable to abduct their arm beyond 15 degrees but can initiate abduction. Which muscle and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid; axillary nerve

Question 10

Which structure passes through the carpal tunnel and is most likely to be compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 11

Which artery is the main blood supply to the head of the femur in adults?

Accepted Answer

Medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 12

A patient presents with loss of sensation over the first web space of the foot and weakness in dorsiflexion. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Deep fibular nerve

Question 13

Which muscle is the primary flexor of the hip and what is its main innervation?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas; femoral nerve

Question 14

Which ligament provides the primary restraint to valgus stress at the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Ulnar collateral ligament

Question 15

A patient has difficulty extending the knee and decreased sensation over the anterior thigh and medial leg. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for opposition of the thumb and what is its innervation?

Accepted Answer

Opponens pollicis; median nerve

Question 17

Which compartment of the leg contains muscles that dorsiflex the foot and what is the main nerve supply?

Accepted Answer

Anterior compartment; deep fibular nerve

Question 18

A patient presents with inability to flex the distal phalanx of the thumb. Which muscle and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Flexor pollicis longus; anterior interosseous branch of median nerve

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the deltoid muscle?

Accepted Answer

Abducts the arm beyond 15 degrees

Question 20

Which nerve is responsible for the cutaneous sensation of the medial side of the hand, including the little finger?

Accepted Answer

Ulnar nerve

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: Lower and Upper Limb

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards