Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

It consists of the brain and spinal cord and integrates incoming sensory information and issues instructions based on past experience.

Question 2

Which structure separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe in the human brain?

Accepted Answer

Lateral sulcus

Question 3

During an experiment, a local anesthetic decreases the permeability of sodium ions in the plasma membrane of a neuron. What is the most likely effect on action potential generation?

Accepted Answer

Action potential generation will be inhibited because sodium influx is necessary for depolarization.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a division of the adult human brain derived from the neural tube?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between gyri and sulci?

Accepted Answer

Gyri are raised ridges, while sulci are shallow grooves.

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct statement about the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Accepted Answer

It controls smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

Question 7

A patient has damage to the parieto-occipital sulcus. Which function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Visual processing

Question 8

Which of the following is the usual mode of stimulus transfer in neuron-to-neuron interactions?

Accepted Answer

Release of neurotransmitters at synapses

Question 9

Which of the following best describes white matter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

It consists of myelinated axons and is found in deeper regions of the brain.

Question 10

Which equation best represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential for sodium ions ($$Na^+) $$across a neuronal membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{Na} = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[Na^+]_{out}}{[Na^+]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 11

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the sheep brain is correct when compared to the human brain?

Accepted Answer

The sheep brain is more elongated and has a more prominent olfactory bulb.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the motor portion of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It controls voluntary and involuntary muscle movements.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the formation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

CSF is produced by the choroid plexus within the ventricles.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the major regions of the developing brain from anterior to posterior?

Accepted Answer

Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why voluntary movement would be impossible if all sensory input to the brain were erased?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input provides feedback necessary for coordinated voluntary movement.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordinating voluntary muscle movements and maintaining balance

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the somatic division of the motor portion of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the meninges of the brain?

Accepted Answer

The pia mater is the innermost layer and closely adheres to the brain surface.

Question 20

A researcher observes that impulses are being transmitted between neurons in a lab experiment. Which of the following would be the best indicator that impulses are being transmitted?

Accepted Answer

The release of neurotransmitters at the synaptic cleft

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: Nervous System Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards