Question 1

Which embryonic germ layer is primarily responsible for forming the linings of the digestive tract and respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Endoderm

Question 2

A biopsy of a patient's trachea reveals ciliated cells with goblet cells interspersed among them. Which type of epithelial tissue is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

It provides a non-living layer that anchors epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue.

Question 4

A patient with a burn injury to the skin loses the outermost layer of the epidermis. Which type of epithelial tissue has been damaged?

Accepted Answer

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

Which of the following connective tissue fibers is most responsible for providing tensile strength to tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 6

A gland that releases its secretions by exocytosis without losing any part of the cell is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals more slowly than bone?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks a direct blood supply, so nutrients and cells must diffuse through the matrix.

Question 8

During inflammation, which chemical released by mast cells is primarily responsible for increasing blood vessel permeability and causing swelling?

Accepted Answer

Histamine

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with a connective tissue disorder that affects the extracellular matrix, specifically the glycosaminoglycan content. Which molecule is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Hyaluronic acid

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood.

Question 11

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that appear cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Stores energy and insulates the body

Question 13

A patient with a genetic defect in the production of reticular fibers would most likely have problems with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Support of lymphatic organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of tissue repair after injury?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to form a scar during fibrosis.

Question 15

Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by striations and voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 16

A patient with a mutation affecting the function of intercalated discs would most likely experience problems in which tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of the resting membrane potential ($V_m$) in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

$V_m = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right)$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why bone is more rigid than cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Bone matrix contains calcium phosphate crystals, which provide hardness.

Question 19

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin C is unable to synthesize collagen properly. Which tissue type would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of mast cells in connective tissue during an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

They release histamine, which increases blood vessel permeability.

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards