Question 1

Which structure is responsible for controlling the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil?

Accepted Answer

Iris

Question 2

During a cow eye dissection, you observe a clear, jelly-like substance filling the large central cavity of the eye. What is this structure called?

Accepted Answer

Vitreous (body) humor

Question 3

A patient is unable to move their right eye laterally. Which extrinsic muscle of the eye is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Lateral rectus

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the sclera?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and protection for the eye.

Question 5

If the optic nerve is damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Loss of visual information transmission to the brain

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for producing tears that help lubricate the eye?

Accepted Answer

Lacrimal caruncle

Question 7

A student is asked to identify the blind spot during a cow eye dissection. Which structure should they locate?

Accepted Answer

Optic disc

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the eye structure with its function?

Accepted Answer

Lens – changes shape to focus light on the retina

Question 9

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the eye upward?

Accepted Answer

Superior rectus

Question 10

A patient presents with double vision when looking downward and medially. Which extrinsic eye muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Superior oblique

Question 11

Which of the following structures is continuous with the cornea and provides the white appearance of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Sclera

Question 12

If the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Cataract

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the choroid layer in the eye?

Accepted Answer

It provides blood supply and absorbs stray light.

Question 14

A person is unable to look medially with their left eye. Which muscle is most likely not functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

Medial rectus

Question 15

Which structure is directly responsible for focusing light onto the retina by changing its shape, a process known as accommodation?

Accepted Answer

Lens

Question 16

During an eye exam, a doctor uses a chart to assess a patient's visual acuity. What is the name of this chart?

Accepted Answer

Snellen Eye Chart

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between focal length ($$f$$), object distance ($$d_o$$), and image distance ($$d_i) $$for the lens in the human eye?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o} + \frac{1}{d_i}$$

Question 18

A patient has difficulty seeing objects up close, but can see distant objects clearly. Which condition does this describe, and which part of the eye is primarily responsible?

Accepted Answer

Hyperopia; lens

Question 19

Which structure is responsible for the majority of the eye's refractive power?

Accepted Answer

Cornea

Question 20

If the superior oblique muscle is paralyzed, which movement of the eye would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Looking downward and laterally

Anatomy & Physiology: The Eye – Structures, Dissection, and Muscles

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