Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The heart's muscular walls allow it to pump blood throughout the body.

Question 2

A patient is unable to sweat and is experiencing dangerously high body temperatures. Which requirement for life is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood sugar levels by insulin

Question 4

A person is lying face up with arms at the sides and palms facing forward. This describes which anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 5

Which directional term best describes the relationship of the nose to the ears?

Accepted Answer

Medial

Question 6

A surgeon makes a cut that separates the body into right and left parts. Which anatomical plane is this?

Accepted Answer

Sagittal

Question 7

Which organ system is primarily responsible for eliminating nitrogenous wastes and regulating water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance composed of two or more different elements, the atoms of which are chemically united

Question 9

Which type of chemical bond is formed by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 10

When NaCl (table salt) is dissolved in water, it dissociates into Na$$^+$$ and Cl$$^-$$ ions. Which property of water allows this to occur?

Accepted Answer

Polarity

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are important in the body?

Accepted Answer

They increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Question 12

A patient has a blood pH of 7.1. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The blood is acidic.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes vitamin D

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy in the body?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is stored in chemical bonds; kinetic energy is energy of motion.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Labor contractions during childbirth

Question 16

A patient is unable to move their right arm after a stroke. Which requirement for life is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Movement

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

They allow organs to slide without friction across cavity walls.

Question 18

Which of the following ions is most important for conduction of nerve impulses and muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^+ ($$sodium)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between homeostatic imbalance and disease?

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic imbalance increases the risk of disease.

Question 20

A solution contains a high concentration of H$$^+$$ ions. What is the pH of this solution likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Less than 7

Anatomy & Physiology: The Human Body and Chemistry Essentials – Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions