$pH = -\log_{10}(1 \times 10^{-3}) = 3$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 2

A neutral atom of sodium ($\mathrm{Na}$) has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$23 - 11 = 12$ neutrons

Question 3

Which statement correctly explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water is a polar molecule, so it can surround and separate charged ions.

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct example of a reversible chemical reaction notation?

Accepted Answer

$A + B \rightleftharpoons AB$

Question 5

A patient is given a medication that acts as a catalyst for a metabolic reaction. What effect will this have on the reaction?

Accepted Answer

It will lower the activation energy and increase the reaction rate.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal.

Question 7

Which property of water allows it to cushion and protect the body's structures?

Accepted Answer

Its relatively high density in liquid form.

Question 8

A solution contains $\mathrm{H^+}$ ions at a concentration of $1 	imes 10^{-3}\ \mathrm{mol/L}$. What is the pH of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$pH = -\log_{10}(1 	imes 10^{-3}) = 3$

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose.

Question 10

Which statement about valence electrons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons determine how an atom interacts with other atoms.

Question 11

A molecule of oxygen ($\mathrm{O_2}$) is held together by a double covalent bond. How many electrons are shared between the two oxygen atoms?

Accepted Answer

4 electrons

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are important in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy, allowing reactions to occur faster.

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of acids in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

They donate hydrogen ions ($\mathrm{H^+}$).

Question 14

Which of the following is true about polar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared unequally due to differences in electronegativity.

Question 15

A solution is made by dissolving $10\ \mathrm{g}$ of salt in $100\ \mathrm{mL}$ of water. Which term best describes the salt in this solution?

Accepted Answer

Solute

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an endergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis.

Question 17

Which statement best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when their valence shell has eight electrons.

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of bases in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

They increase the concentration of hydroxide ions ($\mathrm{OH^-}$).

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a suspension?

Accepted Answer

A mixture with large, unevenly distributed particles that will settle out when left undisturbed.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Atoms, Elements, Chemical Bonds, and Water: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions