Q: Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter release at the sympathetic postganglionic neuron?

$$\text{Sympathetic postganglionic neuron} \rightarrow \text{Norepinephrine}$$

Q: Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter release at the parasympathetic postganglionic neuron?

$$\text{Parasympathetic postganglionic neuron} \rightarrow \text{Acetylcholine}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the efferent pathways of the somatic nervous system compared to the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Somatic pathways use a single neuron from the CNS to the effector, while autonomic pathways involve a two-neuron chain.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and decreased gastrointestinal activity. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 3

Where are the ganglia of the sympathetic division primarily located?

Accepted Answer

Close to the spinal cord in the sympathetic trunk

Question 4

Which neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic fibers in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 5

Which receptor type is found on all postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system and responds to acetylcholine?

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic receptor

Question 6

A visceral reflex arc differs from a somatic reflex arc in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

Visceral reflex arcs have two motor neurons, while somatic reflex arcs have one.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the effect of the parasympathetic division on the heart?

Accepted Answer

Decreases heart rate

Question 8

Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter release at the sympathetic postganglionic neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Sympathetic postganglionic neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Norepinephrine}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the adrenal medulla in the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

Releases norepinephrine and epinephrine into the bloodstream

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the fiber pathway of the parasympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

Preganglionic fibers are long and postganglionic fibers are short

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding cholinergic fibers?

Accepted Answer

They release acetylcholine.

Question 12

A patient presents with constricted pupils, decreased heart rate, and increased digestive activity. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most active?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic division

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the effect of the sympathetic division on blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Causes vasoconstriction in most vessels

Question 14

Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter release at the parasympathetic postganglionic neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Parasympathetic postganglionic neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Acetylcholine}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenergic fibers?

Accepted Answer

They release norepinephrine.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes autonomic nervous system control?

Accepted Answer

It is involuntary and regulated by centers in the brainstem and hypothalamus.

Question 17

Which of the following is a muscarinic receptor most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

On effector cells of the parasympathetic division

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of the sympathetic division on the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of the parasympathetic division on external genitalia?

Accepted Answer

Promotes erection

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the site of CNS origin for the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

Thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Study Notes for CH 14

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards