Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a molecule and a compound?

Accepted Answer

A compound is always a molecule, but a molecule is not always a compound.

Question 2

Given a neutral atom of magnesium (Mg) with atomic number 12 and atomic weight 24.3, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

12

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why water (H$$_2O) is $$considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

The oxygen atom attracts shared electrons more strongly, resulting in partial negative and positive charges on opposite ends.

Question 4

A patient is given sodium-24 for an electrolyte study. What distinguishes sodium-24 from the more common sodium-23 isotope?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-24 has one more neutron than sodium-23.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

AB \rightarrow A + B

Question 6

If a calcium ion is represented as Ca$$^{2+}$$, what has happened to the atom?

Accepted Answer

It has lost two electrons.

Question 7

Which of the following bonds is responsible for the high surface tension of water, allowing insects like water striders to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 8

A solution is made by dissolving 10g of NaCl in 100mL of water. In this scenario, which is the solute and which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

NaCl is the solute; water is the solvent.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB

Question 10

Carbon-14 is used in carbon dating because it is radioactive. What makes carbon-14 different from carbon-12?

Accepted Answer

Carbon-14 has more neutrons than carbon-12.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 12

A sodium atom (Na) has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 11; Mass number: 23

Question 13

Which of the following is a major element in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbon (C)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a reversible reaction?

Accepted Answer

A + B \leftrightarrow AB

Question 15

Which of the following is true about ions?

Accepted Answer

An ion with more electrons than protons is an anion.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why Morton's Iodized Salt was developed?

Accepted Answer

To prevent thyroid dysfunction by adding iodide ions to salt.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons equals the number of electrons.

Question 19

Which of the following chemical reactions is endergonic?

Accepted Answer

A + B \rightarrow AB

Question 20

Which of the following is responsible for holding the two strands of DNA together?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Basic Chemistry Concepts for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions