Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a physical and a chemical change in matter?

Accepted Answer

A chemical change alters the basic nature of a substance, while a physical change does not.

Question 2

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 3

An atom with 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons has an atomic mass number of:

Accepted Answer

$$35$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract.

Question 5

Which property of water allows it to help regulate body temperature by absorbing and releasing large amounts of heat?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 6

A solution with a pH of 5 has how many times more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

$$100$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct description of a buffer in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A buffer resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids contain only single covalent bonds and are solid at room temperature.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 10

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in the bonds between its phosphate groups.

Question 11

A molecule of water (H$$_2O) is $$held together by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about isotopes is true?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why water is called the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 16

Which of the following is a property of a colloid?

Accepted Answer

Solutes are of intermediate size and form a translucent mixture.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Forming cell membranes

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

An acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded and contains the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions