Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

$$\text{Mass number} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Q: A sample contains 0.5 moles of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$). How many molecules of glucose are present in the sample? (Avogadro's number: 6.02$$ \times $$10^{23}$$ molecules/mol)

$$3.01 \times 10$$^{23}$$ molecules

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between matter and energy?

Accepted Answer

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, while energy is the capacity to do work or put matter into motion.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to a radioactive isotope for a PET scan. Which property of isotopes makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons, and some are unstable and emit radiation.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass number} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 4

A solution is made by dissolving 10 grams of NaCl in 90 grams of water. Which term best describes NaCl in this context?

Accepted Answer

Solute

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chemical bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

Atoms form chemical bonds to achieve stability by filling their valence shell, often following the octet rule.

Question 7

A sample contains 0.5 moles of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$). How many molecules of glucose are present in the sample? (Avogadro's number: 6.02$$ 	imes $$10^{23}$$ molecules/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$3.01 	imes 10$$^{23}$$ molecules

Question 8

Which of the following is a property of a suspension?

Accepted Answer

It contains large, visible solute particles that will settle out if left undisturbed.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between a mixture and a compound?

Accepted Answer

Mixtures can be separated by physical means, while compounds require chemical means to separate their components.

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding the energy conversions in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Energy conversions are inefficient, and some energy is lost as heat.

Question 11

A neutral atom of carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a colloid?

Accepted Answer

A heterogeneous mixture with particles that do not settle out and often appear cloudy or milky.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a property of protons?

Accepted Answer

They have no electrical charge.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the body's chief solvent?

Accepted Answer

Water is present in the greatest amount in the body and dissolves many substances.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about electrons in the valence shell is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons in the valence shell have the most potential energy and are involved in chemical reactions.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct definition of an element?

Accepted Answer

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods.

Question 17

A molecule of $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ (glucose) contains how many different elements?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve 8 electrons in their valence shell.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of a suspension in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood, because blood cells can settle out if left undisturbed.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between atomic number and the number of protons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

The atomic number is always equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology: Foundations of Matter, Energy, and Chemical Bonds

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