Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture in the context of body chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A compound is formed by chemical bonds between atoms, while a mixture consists of physically intermixed substances without chemical bonding.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a suspension found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood, when left to sit and the cells settle out

Question 3

Which statement about catalysts in the human body is correct?

Accepted Answer

Catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being chemically changed or becoming part of the product.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water is essential for physiological processes in the body?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high heat capacity, is an excellent solvent, and participates in chemical reactions.

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissociation of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}^+ + \mathrm{Cl}^-$$

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 5. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct description of a colloid in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture with particles that do not settle out and scatter light.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a property of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

They include water, salts, and acids.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in the body?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct example of a synthesis reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{A} + \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{AB}$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are the body's main and easily used source of cellular fuel.

Question 12

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animal tissues?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of lipids?

Accepted Answer

Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for the dissociation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}^+ + \mathrm{Cl}^-$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of buffers in the body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain pH by releasing or binding hydrogen ions as needed.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of an endergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

An endergonic reaction results in a net absorption of energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a major function of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is a precursor for synthesis of vitamin D, steroid hormones, and bile salts.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about proteins is correct?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are the basic structural material of the body and perform many vital functions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of DNA's role in the cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA provides the instructions for building every protein in the body.

Basic Principles of Chemistry in Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions