Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies the function of those parts.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing a fever due to an infection. Which type of feedback mechanism is primarily responsible for returning the body temperature to normal?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting during injury

Question 4

A tissue sample shows cells with a free apical surface, closely packed together, and no blood vessels. Which tissue type is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 5

Which cell junction would you expect to find in the cardiac muscle to allow for rapid communication between cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 6

A gland that releases its secretion by the entire cell rupturing is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine gland

Question 7

Which connective tissue fiber is most abundant in tendons and ligaments and provides great tensile strength?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 8

A patient has a wound that penetrates into the dermis. Which phase of deep wound healing is characterized by the formation of granulation tissue and migration of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Migratory phase

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the main function of the stratum granulosum in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a barrier by releasing lipids that prevent water loss

Question 10

A biopsy of tissue reveals the presence of chondrocytes in lacunae, a perichondrium, and many elastic fibers. Which type of cartilage is this?

Accepted Answer

Elastic cartilage

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the epidermis is avascular?

Accepted Answer

It relies on diffusion from the underlying dermis for nutrients and oxygen.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of brown adipose tissue in infants?

Accepted Answer

Heat production

Question 13

A patient presents with a disorder characterized by the inability to produce melanin. Which cell type is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It anchors the epithelium to the underlying connective tissue.

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$J$$), surface area ($$A$$), concentration gradient ($$\Delta C$$), and membrane thickness ($$d) in $$epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$J = D \frac{A \Delta C}{d}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the main function of the reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form a supportive network (stroma) in organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

Question 17

A patient has a mutation affecting the production of fibrillin. Which tissue property is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity of connective tissues

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between serous and mucous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Serous membranes line body cavities that do not open to the exterior, while mucous membranes line cavities that do open to the exterior.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the dermis is considered a blood reservoir?

Accepted Answer

It contains a rich network of blood vessels that can store and release blood as needed.

Question 20

A patient with a genetic disorder has defective desmosomes. Which tissue would most likely be affected, and what symptom might result?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue; skin blistering due to loss of cell adhesion

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