Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed of impulse propagation by insulating the axon.

Question 2

A patient suffers a spinal cord injury that damages the white matter. Which of the following is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of nerve impulses along myelinated axons.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the relationship between axon diameter ($$d) $$and speed of impulse propagation ($$v$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$v \propto d$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting electrical impulses between neurons.

Question 5

A patient presents with loss of sensation but retains motor function in a region of the body. Which spinal cord tract is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (ascending) tract

Question 6

Which of the following best defines the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A selective barrier formed by endothelial cells that restricts passage of substances from blood to brain tissue.

Question 7

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between sensation and perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensation is the detection of stimuli, while perception is the interpretation of those stimuli by the brain.

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of neurons that distinguishes them from other cell types?

Accepted Answer

They are highly specialized for electrical communication.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why repair is more successful in the PNS than in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells in the PNS promote axon regeneration, while oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibit it.

Question 11

Which of the following is the largest part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Question 12

Which space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 13

Which of the following best defines proprioception?

Accepted Answer

The awareness of the position and movement of the body, detected by receptors in muscles and joints.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordination of voluntary movements and balance.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of cranial nerves ($$n) $$and their types (sensory, motor, mixed)?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 12$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes referred pain?

Accepted Answer

Pain perceived at a location other than the site of origin, often due to shared neural pathways.

Question 17

Which of the following is a major function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Conducting sensory and motor information between the brain and body.

Question 18

Which of the following best defines a reflex?

Accepted Answer

An automatic, rapid response to a stimulus that does not require conscious thought.

Question 19

Which of the following is a touch receptor found in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Meissner's corpuscle

Question 20

A patient has damage to the association areas of the cerebrum. Which of the following is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Integration and interpretation of sensory information.

BIO 141: Nervous System Study Guide (Chapters 11-13)

Study Guide - Practice Questions