$\text{Solution} = \text{Solute} + \text{Solvent}$

$\text{DNA} \xrightarrow{\text{transcription}} \text{RNA} \xrightarrow{\text{translation}} \text{Protein}$

Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution and begins to shrink. Which type of solution is the cell most likely in?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of solvent (water) across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 4

Which equation best represents the relationship between solute, solvent, and solution?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Solution} = 	ext{Solute} + 	ext{Solvent}$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 6

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 7

Which process describes the creation of RNA from DNA?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Question 8

Which of the following best describes apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Programmed cell death

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with a tumor that does not invade surrounding tissues or spread to distant sites. Which term best describes this tumor?

Accepted Answer

Benign

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in genetically identical cells; meiosis results in genetically diverse cells

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of passive membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 12

Which equation best represents the process of protein synthesis from DNA?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{DNA} \xrightarrow{	ext{transcription}} 	ext{RNA} \xrightarrow{	ext{translation}} 	ext{Protein}$

Question 13

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is most likely to happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will swell and possibly burst

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a metastatic tumor?

Accepted Answer

A tumor that spreads to distant sites in the body

Question 15

Which of the following is a property of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic heads face outward, hydrophobic tails face inward

Question 16

Which type of membrane transport requires energy in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the highest level of DNA condensation?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome

Question 18

A patient receives intravenous fluids that are isotonic to their blood. What is the expected effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will remain unchanged

Question 19

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moving from low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells compared to normal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells divide uncontrollably

BIO 2111 – Anatomy & Physiology I: Chapter 3 Study Guide Guidance

Study Guide - Practice Questions