Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between hormonal and neural control of body functioning?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal control uses chemical messengers transported in the blood, while neural control uses electrical impulses transmitted along neurons.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Excessive urination and dehydration

Question 3

Which of the following hormones is classified as a steroid and is lipid-soluble?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 4

Water-soluble hormones typically exert their effects through which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Binding to plasma membrane receptors and activating second messengers such as $$cAMP$$

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of hormonal regulation of hormone release?

Accepted Answer

Release of estrogen from the ovaries stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 6

The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract is responsible for transporting which hormones from the hypothalamus to the pituitary?

Accepted Answer

Posterior pituitary hormones such as ADH and oxytocin

Question 7

Which hormone is secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland, and which form is more active at target tissues?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone; T3

Question 8

A patient presents with symptoms of hyperglycemia. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 9

Which of the following is a glucogenic hormone that increases blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 10

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 11

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is most likely to have a deficiency in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin synthesis

Question 12

Which protein provides flexibility to erythrocytes, allowing them to squeeze through capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Spectrin

Question 13

During erythropoiesis, which hormone stimulates the production of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 14

Which of the following is the progenitor of all formed elements of blood?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoietic stem cell

Question 15

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Bleeding and inability to form clots

Question 16

Which leukocyte is classified as a granulocyte and is primarily involved in phagocytosis of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 17

Which chemical messenger released by platelets enhances the positive feedback cycle during hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 18

During coagulation, the conversion of soluble plasma protein fibrinogen into an insoluble protein mesh is catalyzed by which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Thrombin

Question 19

A patient with hemophilia is most likely to have a deficiency in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Clotting factors

Question 20

Which pathway in coagulation is initiated by tissue factor released from damaged tissue, and what is the slowest step in the pathway?

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic pathway; formation of prothrombin activator

BIO 2640 Exam 1 Study Guide: The Endocrine System & Blood

Study Guide - Practice Questions