Q: A patient presents with a burn that affects the epidermis and the entire dermis, but not the underlying tissue. According to the rule of nines, which formula would you use to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected if both legs and the anterior trunk are burned?

Total area = $$2 \times 18\% + 18\% = 54\%$$

Question 1

Which layer of the cutaneous membrane is primarily responsible for providing strength and elasticity to the skin due to its abundance of collagen and elastin fibers?

Accepted Answer

Reticular layer of the dermis

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that affects the epidermis and the entire dermis, but not the underlying tissue. According to the rule of nines, which formula would you use to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected if both legs and the anterior trunk are burned?

Accepted Answer

Total area = $$2 	imes 18\% + 18\% = 54\%$$

Question 3

Which accessory structure of the integument is most directly involved in thermoregulation through evaporative cooling?

Accepted Answer

Sweat glands

Question 4

A patient presents with a red, itchy rash after exposure to poison ivy. Which type of skin reaction is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Allergic contact dermatitis

Question 5

Which degree of burn is characterized by blistering, pain, and damage to both the epidermis and part of the dermis, but does not affect underlying tissues?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 6

Which type of skin cancer is most likely to metastasize quickly and is characterized by irregular borders, multiple colors, and rapid growth?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma

Question 7

According to the ABCDE rule for skin cancer detection, which characteristic is represented by the equation $$	ext{Diameter} \u003e 6\,	ext{mm}$$?

Accepted Answer

D - Diameter

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone is porous and found in the interior.

Question 9

Which function of bone is most directly related to the equation $$	ext{Ca}^{2+}$$ homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Mineral storage

Question 10

Which bone classification includes the femur, humerus, and tibia?

Accepted Answer

Long bones

Question 11

In the gross anatomy of a long bone, which structure is responsible for the growth in length during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 12

Which microscopic structure of compact bone is described by the equation $$	ext{Osteon} = 	ext{Haversian canal} + 	ext{Lamellae} + 	ext{Osteocytes}$$?

Accepted Answer

Osteon

Question 13

Which bones are part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

Question 14

Which paranasal sinus is located within the cheekbones and is most commonly affected in sinus infections?

Accepted Answer

Maxillary sinus

Question 15

Which feature distinguishes cervical vertebrae from thoracic and lumbar vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Transverse foramina

Question 16

Which statement correctly differentiates true, false, and floating ribs?

Accepted Answer

True ribs attach directly to the sternum, false ribs attach indirectly, and floating ribs do not attach to the sternum.

Question 17

Which bone is located at the distal end of the forearm and articulates with the wrist?

Accepted Answer

Radius

Question 18

Which part of the os coxa is most prominent in the male pelvis compared to the female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

Ilium

Question 19

Which joint classification is described by the equation $$	ext{Synovial joint} = 	ext{Freely movable}$$ and is exemplified by the shoulder and hip?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with osteoarthritis in the knee. Which structural and functional joint classification best describes the affected joint?

Accepted Answer

Structural: Synovial; Functional: Diarthrosis

BIO116 Exam 2 Study Guide: Integumentary and Skeletal Systems

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