Question 1

Which of the following best describes the microscopic appearance of cardiac muscle cells compared to skeletal and smooth muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are branched, striated, and contain intercalated discs.

Question 2

A motor unit is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A single neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.

Question 3

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between force generated by a muscle and the number of motor units activated?

Accepted Answer

$$F = k 	imes MU$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Regulating blood glucose levels

Question 5

At the neuromuscular junction, which neurotransmitter is released to initiate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support, protect, and nourish neurons

Question 7

A unipolar neuron is most likely to be found in which functional class?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Question 8

Which structural class of neuron is characterized by having one axon and multiple dendrites?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 9

Which of the following correctly matches the structural class of neuron to its primary functional role?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar neurons: sensory

Question 10

Which equation best represents the speed of nerve impulse transmission as a function of myelination?

Accepted Answer

$$v = k 	imes M$$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main parts found in all neurons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 12

Which region of the brain is primarily responsible for coordination and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 13

In the spinal cord, where is the gray matter located?

Accepted Answer

In the center, forming an H-shaped region

Question 14

Which of the following correctly identifies the order of elements in a somatic reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 15

Which equation best represents the total number of spinal nerves as a function of the number of vertebral segments?

Accepted Answer

$$N = S 	imes 2$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between somatic and visceral neurons?

Accepted Answer

Somatic neurons carry motor impulses to skeletal muscle; visceral neurons carry motor impulses to smooth and cardiac muscle.

Question 17

Which neurotransmitter is secreted by postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the length of pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Pre-ganglionic neurons are long; post-ganglionic neurons are short.

Question 19

A patient suffers a spinal cord injury affecting the ventral root. Which function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Motor function

Question 20

Which of the following structures is found in the dorsal root ganglion?

Accepted Answer

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

BIO116 Unit 3 Exam Study Guidance: Muscle and Nervous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions