Question 1

Which property of water allows it to help maintain a stable internal body temperature despite external temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 2

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 5$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They resist abrupt and large changes in pH by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Joining two amino acids to form a dipeptide and releasing water

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that makes it vital for life?

Accepted Answer

It is a nonpolar solvent.

Question 6

A patient’s blood pH drops from 7.4 to 7.1. How does the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system respond?

Accepted Answer

It binds $$H^+$$ ions, shifting the equilibrium to form more $$H_2CO_3.$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves readily in water?

Accepted Answer

Water’s polarity allows it to surround and dissociate Na+ and Cl- ions.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Acids release $$H^+$$ ions in solution, while bases release $$OH^-$$ ions.

Question 9

Which of the following organic molecules is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride – long-term energy storage

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 11

Which of the following is a consequence of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The protein loses its functional three-dimensional shape.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A double-stranded helix with deoxyribose sugar and complementary base pairing

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

It provides energy for cellular work by transferring phosphate groups.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – monosaccharide

Question 16

A solution with a pH of 2 is how many times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5?

Accepted Answer

1000 times

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Major component of cell membranes

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific for their substrates?

Accepted Answer

The active site of the enzyme has a unique shape that fits only specific substrates.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds, making them liquid at room temperature.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Breaking a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecule

Biochemistry: Chemical Composition and Reactions of Living Matter

Study Guide - Practice Questions