Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain homeostasis by minimizing changes in pH.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing an acid-base imbalance. Which of the following best explains how buffers help restore balance?

Accepted Answer

Buffers bind or release hydrogen ions ($$\mathrm{H^+}) to $$resist changes in pH.

Question 3

Which of the following is a real-life example of a buffer system at work in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The bicarbonate buffer system maintaining blood pH during intense exercise.

Question 4

If a person’s blood becomes too acidic, which of the following will a buffer most likely do?

Accepted Answer

Release $$\mathrm{OH^-}$$ ions to neutralize excess $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions.

Question 5

Which property of water is most important for the function of buffers in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Polar solvent properties

Question 6

A student mixes a strong acid with a buffer solution. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The buffer will minimize the change in pH.

Question 7

Which of the following equations best represents the action of a buffer in solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HA} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H^+} + \mathrm{A^-}$$

Question 8

Why are weak acids and bases used as buffers rather than strong acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Weak acids and bases can reversibly bind or release $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions.

Question 9

Which of the following would most likely occur if the body’s buffer systems failed?

Accepted Answer

Rapid and potentially fatal changes in blood pH.

Question 10

A patient with chronic kidney disease is unable to excrete acids efficiently. Which physiological mechanism will help compensate for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Buffer systems in the blood will bind excess $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions.

Biochemistry: The Chemical Basis of Life

Study Guide - Practice Questions