Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies how those parts work.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing dehydration. Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating water balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 3

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment.

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of H$^+$ ions.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature by sweating when overheated

Question 6

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 7

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water entering the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

They produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in oppositely charged ions.

Question 10

Which of the following organic molecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 11

A scientist is examining a tissue sample under a light microscope. Which part of the microscope is used to adjust the amount of light passing through the specimen?

Accepted Answer

Iris diaphragm

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Release of substances from a cell via vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is composed mainly of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds always contain carbon and hydrogen; inorganic compounds do not.

Question 16

A patient has a blood pH of 7.6. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The blood is basic (alkaline).

Question 17

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 19

Which of the following is the most abundant element in the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 20

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink. What type of solution is this?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

BIOL 2401 Anatomy & Physiology I: Study Guide for Chapters 1-3

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards