Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Question 2

Erythropoiesis is the process by which:

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells are formed and regulated

Question 3

Which leukocyte is primarily responsible for combating bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 4

A patient with a deficiency in thrombocytes would most likely experience problems with:

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output (CO)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 7

A patient has a stroke volume (SV) of 70 mL/beat and a heart rate (HR) of 80 beats/min. What is their cardiac output (CO)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = 5600\ 	ext{mL/min}$$

Question 8

Which blood vessel type is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between blood and tissues?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Question 9

Which of the following would most likely increase arterial blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Increased peripheral resistance

Question 10

A patient is experiencing tachycardia. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Abnormally fast heart rate

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the pericardium?

Accepted Answer

Prevents overfilling of the heart

Question 12

Which heart valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium?

Accepted Answer

Mitral (bicuspid) valve

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Accepted Answer

Acts as the heart's pacemaker by initiating the heartbeat

Question 14

Which hormone increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction and stimulating aldosterone release?

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin II

Question 15

A patient with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following types?

Accepted Answer

All blood types (A, B, AB, O)

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why veins have valves?

Accepted Answer

To prevent backflow of blood and ensure one-way flow toward the heart

Question 17

Which of the following would most likely result from a loss of plasma proteins in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Decreased osmotic pressure leading to edema

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the heart, starting with the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely occur if the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus detect a sudden drop in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate and vasoconstriction

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the vasomotor center in blood pressure regulation?

Accepted Answer

It controls the diameter of blood vessels through sympathetic stimulation

Blood and Cardiovascular System: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions