Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the most abundant protein in plasma, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Albumin; prevents water from leaking out of blood vessels

Question 2

A patient presents with a hematocrit of 60%. Which condition is most likely indicated by this result?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which formed element of blood is responsible for initiating clot formation, and from which precursor cell does it originate?

Accepted Answer

Platelets; megakaryocyte

Question 4

Which white blood cell type is most abundant in a normal differential count and is primarily responsible for phagocytosing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 5

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of white blood cells and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Buffy coat

Question 6

Which plasma protein is directly involved in the chemical reactions for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 7

A patient with chronic allergies is likely to have an increased number of which type of white blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Four subunit protein with heme groups that bind oxygen

Question 9

If a patient has a deficiency in iron, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} 	imes 100$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of globulins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Include antibodies for immune defense

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with leukemia. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Cancer of white blood cells

Question 13

Which of the following statements about erythrocytes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They contain hemoglobin for oxygen transport

Question 14

Which white blood cell type differentiates into macrophages and is involved in phagocytosis of pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of white blood cells from most abundant to least abundant in peripheral blood?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils

Question 16

Which process describes the formation of all blood cells from a common stem cell in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Hemopoiesis

Question 17

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding due to low platelet count

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why albumin is important for maintaining blood volume?

Accepted Answer

It prevents water from leaking out of blood vessels due to its osmotic properties

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of basophils?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of histamines to mediate inflammation

Question 20

A patient with sickle cell anemia has abnormal hemoglobin. Which of the following is most likely impaired in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen transport

Blood: Components, Formed Elements, and Functions

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