Question 1

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining the colloid osmotic pressure of blood and acts as a carrier for various substances?

Accepted Answer

Albumins

Question 2

A patient with a genetic deficiency in fibrinogen would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood clotting

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of neutrophils in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Ingest bacteria and release cytokines

Question 4

During an allergic reaction, which cell type releases histamine, and what is the primary effect on local blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Basophils; vasodilation

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in antigen presentation by a macrophage?

Accepted Answer

Macrophage engulfs antigen → Antigen is broken down → MHC presents antigen fragment to T cell

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the role of the membrane attack complex (MAC) in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

It forms pores in pathogen membranes, leading to cell lysis

Question 7

A patient is experiencing swelling and redness at the site of a bee sting. Which chemical mediator is most likely responsible for these symptoms, and what is its primary source?

Accepted Answer

Histamine; mast cells

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of autocrine signaling in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

IL-2 secretion by activated helper T cells binding to their own IL-2 receptors

Question 9

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for iron transport in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transferrin

Question 10

A patient with a deficiency in complement proteins would most likely have which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to lyse bacterial cells

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

They activate lymphocytes by presenting antigens

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of the interaction between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems?

Accepted Answer

Cytokines from immune cells can influence the brain and endocrine glands

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why swelling (edema) occurs during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Histamine increases capillary permeability, allowing fluid to leak into tissues

Question 14

Which of the following immune cells is most directly involved in acquired (adaptive) immunity?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes

Question 15

A patient is unable to mount a fever in response to infection. Which chemical mediator is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Interleukins

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Coating pathogens with proteins to enhance phagocytosis

Question 17

Which of the following is a primary function of eosinophils?

Accepted Answer

Destroying antibody-coated parasites

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in T cell activation?

Accepted Answer

IL-2 is secreted by helper T cells and stimulates their own proliferation via autocrine signaling

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why a deficiency in albumin can lead to edema?

Accepted Answer

Albumin maintains colloid osmotic pressure, and its deficiency allows fluid to leak into tissues

Blood Composition and Immune System: Structure, Function, and Communication

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards