Question 1

Which of the following best describes the composition of blood after centrifugation, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Plasma on top, buffy coat in the middle, erythrocytes on the bottom

Question 2

A typical adult male has about 5–6 liters of blood. If a 2-liter bottle of soda (as shown in the second image) is used for comparison, approximately how many bottles would represent the total blood volume in an average adult male?

Accepted Answer

About 2.5 to 3 bottles

Question 3

In the third image, which cell type is responsible for oxygen transport, and what is its main protein component?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes; hemoglobin

Question 4

The fourth image shows several types of blood cells. Which cell type is most likely to increase in number during a bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 5

The fifth image shows the structure of a red blood cell. What is the functional significance of its biconcave shape?

Accepted Answer

It increases surface area for gas exchange.

Question 6

Referencing the sixth image, which process allows oxygen to move from the blood into tissues?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Question 7

The seventh image shows the structure of hemoglobin. How many oxygen molecules can one hemoglobin molecule bind?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 8

Based on the eighth image, which blood cell lineage gives rise to both erythrocytes and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Myeloid stem cell

Question 9

The ninth image illustrates erythropoiesis. Which hormone stimulates this process, and where is it primarily produced?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin; kidneys

Question 10

The tenth image shows a balance between red blood cell production and destruction. What would happen if red blood cell destruction exceeds production?

Accepted Answer

Anemia would develop.

Question 11

In the context of the eleventh image, what is the fate of the heme portion of hemoglobin after erythrocyte destruction?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to bilirubin and excreted in bile.

Question 12

The twelfth image shows normal and sickled erythrocytes. Which genetic change causes sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A single amino acid substitution in the beta chain of hemoglobin

Question 13

The thirteenth image shows a large number of erythrocytes. Which condition is characterized by an abnormally high number of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 14

The fourteenth image shows pale hands. Which blood disorder is most likely responsible for this symptom?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Question 15

The fifteenth image shows a hand with blisters and pale skin. Which rare genetic disorder is associated with these symptoms and a deficiency in heme production?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

Question 16

The sixteenth image shows a neutrophil. Which of the following best describes the primary function of neutrophils?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Question 17

The seventeenth image shows an eosinophil. What is the main role of eosinophils in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Digesting parasitic worms

Question 18

The eighteenth image shows a basophil. Which chemical is primarily released by basophils during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Histamine

Question 19

The nineteenth image shows a lymphocyte. Which of the following is a function of B lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Producing antibodies

Question 20

The twentieth image shows a monocyte. What is the primary function of monocytes after they leave the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

They differentiate into macrophages and phagocytose pathogens.

Blood: Composition, Function, and Hemostasis

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards