$\frac{5.6}{70} \times 100 = 8\%$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products

Question 2

Blood is classified as which type of tissue?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 3

Which buffer system is primarily responsible for maintaining blood pH within the normal range?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate buffer system

Question 4

If a male has a blood volume of 5.6 liters, what percentage of his body weight does this represent if his body weight is 70 kg?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{5.6}{70} 	imes 100 = 8\%$

Question 5

Which plasma protein is most abundant and is responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 6

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin B$_{12}$ is likely to develop which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of erythrocytes (RBCs)?

Accepted Answer

Initiate immune responses

Question 8

What is the correct sequence for the breakdown of the heme portion of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Heme → biliverdin → bilirubin

Question 9

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for combating parasitic infections?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 10

A buffer reaction in blood involves carbon dioxide and water. What is the correct chemical equation for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CO_2} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H_2CO_3} \rightarrow \mathrm{H^+} + \mathrm{HCO_3^-}$

Question 11

Which organ is primarily responsible for removing worn-out red blood cells from circulation?

Accepted Answer

Both spleen and liver

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of mature red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Lack of mitochondria

Question 13

A patient’s hematocrit is measured at 48%. What does this value represent?

Accepted Answer

Percentage of red blood cells in blood

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of platelets (thrombocytes)?

Accepted Answer

Initiate blood clotting

Question 15

Which type of leukocyte is most abundant in human blood and is the first to respond to bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is characterized by abnormal variation in the size of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Anisocytosis

Question 17

What is the main function of lymphocytes among the white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Production of antibodies and immune response

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct result of the lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 19

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin contains four iron atoms, each binding one oxygen molecule

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells have a biconcave disc shape?

Accepted Answer

To allow for greater flexibility and gas diffusion

Blood: Structure, Function, and Components – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions