Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient with type AB blood needs a transfusion. Which blood types can they safely receive?

Accepted Answer

Type A, type B, type AB, and type O

Question 3

Which plasma protein is most abundant and primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumins

Question 4

A person with type O negative blood is considered a universal donor. Why is this the case?

Accepted Answer

Their blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the shape of a mature red blood cell (RBC) and its functional significance?

Accepted Answer

Biconcave disc; allows flexibility and high surface-to-volume ratio

Question 6

Calculate the approximate blood volume in liters for a 70 kg adult using the formula $$	ext{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 	imes 	ext{Body Weight (kg)}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$4.9$$ liters

Question 7

Which of the following statements about red blood cells (RBCs) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

RBCs lack nuclei, mitochondria, and ribosomes

Question 8

During hemostasis, which phase involves the formation of a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation phase

Question 9

A patient with Rh negative blood receives Rh positive blood for the first time. What is the most likely immune response?

Accepted Answer

No response during the first exposure, but sensitization occurs

Question 10

Which type of white blood cell is most abundant and the first to respond to bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 11

If a blood sample has a hematocrit of 45%, what does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

45% of the blood volume is red blood cells

Question 12

Which plasma protein is directly involved in the formation of blood clots?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 13

A patient with type B blood receives type A blood. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The patient's immune system attacks the transfused RBCs

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of platelets in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Release clotting chemicals and patch damaged vessel walls

Question 15

Which white blood cell type releases histamine and heparin during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Basophils

Question 16

What is the primary reason RBCs can pass through capillaries smaller than their diameter?

Accepted Answer

They are biconcave and flexible

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the composition of plasma?

Accepted Answer

Mostly water, with dissolved proteins and other solutes

Question 18

A patient has a red blood cell count of $$5.0 	imes 10^6$ per microliter. Is this within the normal range for an adult female?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is within the normal range

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the pH of blood?

Accepted Answer

Blood is slightly alkaline, with a pH between 7.35 and 7.45

Blood: Structure, Function, and Components

Study Guide - Practice Questions