$$Blood\ Volume = 70\ mL/kg \times body\ weight\ (kg)$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Lack of intrinsic factor leading to poor vitamin B12 absorption

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly estimates blood volume in an adult using body weight?

Accepted Answer

$$Blood\ Volume = 70\ mL/kg 	imes body\ weight\ (kg)$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

Question 5

A person with blood type AB- can safely receive blood from which of the following types?

Accepted Answer

O-

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Fetal hemoglobin contains two gamma chains instead of two beta chains

Question 7

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating erythropoiesis in response to hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 8

A patient with a mutation causing abnormal hemoglobin that crystallizes at low oxygen levels is most likely suffering from which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of leukocytes (white blood cells)?

Accepted Answer

Defending the body against pathogens

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a temporary plug at the site of blood vessel injury

Question 11

A patient with a genetic deficiency in clotting factor VIII is most likely to experience which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia A

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the ABO blood group system is correct?

Accepted Answer

Type AB individuals have no antibodies against A or B antigens in their plasma

Question 13

Which of the following best explains the process of fibrinolysis?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown and removal of a blood clot after tissue repair

Question 14

Which of the following is a dietary requirement for erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 15

A patient with chronic kidney disease is likely to develop anemia primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Decreased production of erythropoietin

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of neutrophils?

Accepted Answer

They phagocytize bacteria and are the most abundant type of white blood cell

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of leukocyte abundance in normal blood (from most to least abundant)?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils \u003e Lymphocytes \u003e Monocytes \u003e Eosinophils \u003e Basophils

Question 18

Which of the following is a possible consequence of a transfusion reaction due to mismatched blood types?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of donor red blood cells

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why a Rh-negative mother may develop complications during pregnancy with a Rh-positive fetus?

Accepted Answer

The mother produces anti-Rh antibodies after exposure to fetal Rh-positive blood

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$Hematocrit = \frac{Volume\ of\ RBCs}{Total\ Blood\ Volume} 	imes 100\%$$

Blood: Structure, Function, and Disorders

Study Guide - Practice Questions