$$V_{water} = 0.9 \times 5\,L$$

$$V_{water} = 0.9 \times 3\,L = 2.7\,L$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for endocrine signaling

Question 2

A patient presents with blood that appears dark red. Based on the study materials, what is the most likely explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

The blood has low oxygenation

Question 3

Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance between blood and interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

If a male patient has a blood volume of 4.5 L, what does this suggest about his blood volume compared to the normal range?

Accepted Answer

It is below the normal range for males

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the composition of the 'buffy coat' in centrifuged whole blood?

Accepted Answer

Platelets and leukocytes

Question 6

A patient with low albumin levels is likely to experience which of the following physiological effects?

Accepted Answer

Decreased osmotic pressure in blood vessels

Question 7

Which plasma component is most directly involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 8

Given that plasma is 90% water, which equation best represents the calculation of water volume in 5 liters of plasma?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{water} = 0.9 	imes 5\,L$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about blood pH is correct?

Accepted Answer

Blood pH is slightly alkaline, ranging from 7.35 to 7.45

Question 10

A patient is found to have a deficiency in plasma proteins. Which of the following symptoms would most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to decreased osmotic pressure

Question 11

Which dissolved solute in plasma is primarily responsible for regulating membrane permeability?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes

Question 12

If a blood sample is centrifuged, which layer will contain the majority of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocyte layer

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct real-world application of blood's regulatory function?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining body temperature during exercise

Question 14

A patient with a plasma protein deficiency is likely to have which of the following changes in fluid movement?

Accepted Answer

Increased movement of water into interstitial spaces

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why albumin is important for blood?

Accepted Answer

It maintains osmotic pressure, preventing excessive fluid loss from blood vessels

Question 16

If a patient has a plasma volume of 3 L, what is the approximate volume of water in their plasma?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{water} = 0.9 	imes 3\,L = 2.7\,L$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a direct consequence of blood's protective function?

Accepted Answer

Prevention of infection through immune cells

Question 18

Which plasma component is most likely to be affected in a patient with liver disease?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 19

A female patient has a blood volume of 6 L. How does this compare to the normal range for females?

Accepted Answer

It is above the normal range for females

Question 20

Which of the following is the main dissolved gas in plasma responsible for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Blood: Structure, Function, and Disorders – Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions