Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

It is a lifelong process involving osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts to recycle and renew bone matrix.

Question 2

A patient is bedridden for several weeks due to illness. Which of the following is the most likely consequence for their skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

They will experience rapid bone degeneration, potentially losing up to one-third of bone mass.

Question 3

Which vitamin is essential for collagen synthesis and stimulates osteoblast differentiation during bone formation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 4

A 55-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following factors most likely contributed to her condition?

Accepted Answer

Accelerated bone loss due to decreased estrogen levels

Question 5

Which hormone increases blood calcium ion levels by stimulating osteoclast activity, increasing intestinal absorption, and reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

A patient has abnormally high blood calcium levels. Which of the following physiological responses is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Increased calcitonin secretion, leading to inhibition of osteoclasts and increased calcium excretion

Question 7

Which of the following minerals is stored in the greatest quantity in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 8

A child presents with a greenstick fracture. Which of the following best describes this type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

A partial fracture in which one side of the bone bends and the other side breaks

Question 9

Which step in fracture repair involves the formation of a large blood clot and the establishment of a fibrous network?

Accepted Answer

Fracture hematoma formation

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise is recommended for maintaining bone health?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates osteoblasts, resulting in thicker and stronger bones.

Question 11

A patient with chronic kidney disease has low levels of calcitriol. Which of the following is the most likely consequence for their skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass due to impaired calcium and phosphate absorption

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins is required for the synthesis of proteins in bone and is essential for normal bone development?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 13

A 40-year-old man has a displaced fracture of the femur. Which of the following best describes a displaced fracture?

Accepted Answer

The bone ends are out of alignment and do not retain their normal position.

Question 14

Which of the following is a direct effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Decreased excretion of calcium ions

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Decreased estrogen levels lead to accelerated bone loss

Question 16

A patient with a tumor that releases osteoclast-activating factor is at risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Severe osteoporosis due to increased osteoclast activity

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone mass (BM), bone deposition (D), and bone resorption (R) over time?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta BM = D - R$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcitonin?

Accepted Answer

Stimulating osteoblast activity

Question 19

A 35-year-old male has a comminuted fracture. Which of the following best describes this type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

A fracture in which the bone is shattered into multiple fragments

Question 20

During the repair of a bone fracture, which of the following occurs after the formation of the external callus?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts replace the central cartilage of the external callus with spongy bone

Bone Remodeling and Homeostasis: Chapter 6 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards