$$\text{Bone Mass} = \text{Bone Formation} - \text{Bone Resorption}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a main part of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Question 2

Where is spongy bone primarily found in a long bone?

Accepted Answer

In the epiphyses

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the distinguishing feature of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Presence of trabeculae forming a lattice-like network

Question 4

What is the space that an osteocyte occupies called?

Accepted Answer

Lacuna

Question 5

Which bone cell is responsible for removing bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 6

What is the name of the membrane that covers the outer surface of bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 7

How does bone grow in length during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

By interstitial growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 8

Which type of bone formation results from the replacement of a cartilage model?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 9

A child with hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) is most likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Question 10

Which hormone is secreted in response to low blood calcium levels and acts to increase calcium concentration?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between an open and closed fracture?

Accepted Answer

Open fracture involves bone protruding through the skin; closed fracture does not.

Question 12

Which of the following is a primary abnormality seen in osteomalacia?

Accepted Answer

Defective mineralization of bone matrix

Question 13

Paget's disease is characterized by which of the following bone abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Disorganized bone formation and excessive bone breakdown

Question 14

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between bone mass, formation, and resorption?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone Mass} = 	ext{Bone Formation} - 	ext{Bone Resorption}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass and increased risk of fractures

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary site for intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Flat bones such as the skull

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Form new bone matrix

Question 18

A fracture in which the bone is broken into two or more pieces but does not break the skin is called:

Accepted Answer

Closed fracture

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of bone growth in thickness?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth at the periosteum

Question 20

Which of the following is a common consequence of decreased estrogen levels in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of osteoporosis

Bone Structure, Growth, and Disorders: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions