Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which part of the long bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which bone type is characterized by being roughly cube-shaped and as long as it is wide?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 4

The periosteum is essential for bone growth and repair. Which of the following best describes its structure?

Accepted Answer

It consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer containing bone-forming cells.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the bone cell with its function?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes – maintain bone matrix

Question 6

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the metaphysis of long bones. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Bone lengthening at the growth plate

Question 7

Which equation best represents the mineral responsible for bone hardness?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 8

A patient with osteoporosis has increased activity of which bone cell type?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of lamellae in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Organized into osteons (Haversian systems)

Question 10

Which structure allows for the passage of blood vessels and nerves from the periosteum into the compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Perforating (Volkmann) canals

Question 11

A marathon runner experiences microfractures in the lower limb bones. Which bone tissue type primarily resists these linear and twisting forces?

Accepted Answer

Compact (cortical) bone

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the distribution of red and yellow bone marrow in adults?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow is mainly found in the axial skeleton in adults.

Question 13

Which bone marking is most likely to be found where a tendon attaches to a bone?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found at the ends of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It provides strength with minimal weight and supports bone marrow.

Question 15

Which of the following is a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

Patella

Question 16

Which process is most directly affected if the enzyme alkaline phosphatase is deficient in osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Precipitation of calcium salts into bone matrix

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow osteocytes to communicate and exchange nutrients.

Question 18

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have bones that are:

Accepted Answer

Less tensile and more prone to fractures

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the organization of bone lamellae in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

They form irregular trabeculae.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between bone formation and resorption in healthy adults?

Accepted Answer

Bone formation and resorption are balanced.

Bone Tissue & Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions