$$\text{Bone resorption} \u003e \text{Bone formation}$$

$$\text{Ca}^{2+} + \text{PO}_4$$^{3-}$$ \xrightarrow{\text{alkaline phosphatase}} \text{Ca}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the femur. Which classification best describes the femur?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 3

Which bone marking is most likely to be found where tendons and ligaments attach?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity

Question 4

What is the primary function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

To provide a route for blood vessels and nerves to supply bone cells

Question 5

Which type of bone tissue is organized into osteons and is responsible for supporting weight and withstanding tension?

Accepted Answer

Compact (cortical) bone

Question 6

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the metaphyseal plate. What process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal growth of long bones

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the composition of the bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Organic collagen fibers and inorganic calcium salts

Question 8

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 9

A patient with osteoporosis has more bone breakdown than formation. Which equation best represents this imbalance?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone resorption} \u003e 	ext{Bone formation}$$

Question 10

Which of the following bones is classified as a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

Patella

Question 11

Which structure allows for the exchange of nutrients and wastes between osteocytes and blood vessels in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

It contains trabeculae and multiple marrow cavities

Question 13

Which bone cell type is derived from mesenchymal cells and gives rise to osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between red and yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow is hemopoietic, yellow marrow stores fat

Question 15

Which part of the skeleton includes the pectoral and pelvic girdles?

Accepted Answer

Appendicular skeleton

Question 16

A patient has a tumor affecting the outer circumferential lamellae of a long bone. Which structure is most likely also affected?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 17

Which equation best represents the role of alkaline phosphatase in bone formation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Ca}^{2+} + 	ext{PO}_4$$^{3-}$$ \xrightarrow{	ext{alkaline phosphatase}} 	ext{Ca}_3(	ext{PO}_4)_2$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of a deficiency in collagen fibers within the bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Bones become brittle and fracture easily

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found at the ends of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It provides strength with minimal weight and supports bone marrow

Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions