Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A bone sample is found to have lamellae arranged in osteons and a central canal. From which part of a long bone is this sample most likely taken?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which bone shape is best described as small, flat, and found between the flat bones of the skull?

Accepted Answer

Sutural bone

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the primary tissue that is replaced by bone?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why bone needs both collagen fibers and mineral crystals?

Accepted Answer

Collagen provides flexibility and minerals provide rigidity

Question 6

If the activity of osteoblasts exceeds the activity of osteoclasts in a bone, what will happen to the bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Bone mass will increase

Question 7

Which hormone triggers epiphyseal closure faster, leading to earlier cessation of bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 8

A patient presents with a fracture in the femur. After healing, why is a second fracture more likely to occur at a different site than the original?

Accepted Answer

The newly formed bone is slightly thicker and stronger at the original fracture site.

Question 9

Which process is responsible for the thickening and strengthening of long bones during growth?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure of a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

A layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two layers of compact bone

Question 11

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for hydroxyapatite, the mineral that gives bone its rigidity?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3(OH$$)$$

Question 13

Which part of the bone is covered by periosteum?

Accepted Answer

The outer surface except at joints

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow for the exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases between osteocytes.

Question 15

Which type of bone growth is responsible for increasing the length of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth

Question 16

A child who enters puberty several years later than average is generally taller as an adult. Why?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plates fuse as puberty ends, so delayed puberty allows more bone growth.

Question 17

Which of the following strategies is most effective for increasing bone strength and thickness?

Accepted Answer

Increasing weight-bearing activity

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence for bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Fracture hematoma formation, callus formation, spongy bone formation, compact bone formation

Question 19

Which type of ossification produces the flat bones of the skull?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of osteons in compact bone and its functional significance?

Accepted Answer

Osteons are arranged parallel to the long axis, making bones strong along this axis.

Bones and Bone Structure: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions