Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 2

Which type of bone is characterized by being roughly cube-shaped and found in the wrists and ankles?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 3

The periosteum is essential for bone health because it:

Accepted Answer

Provides blood and sensory nerve supply to bone

Question 4

Which part of a long bone contains the yellow bone marrow and is primarily responsible for fat storage?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 5

Which bone tissue type is described as having a honeycomb-like structure and is found at the ends of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Cancellous (spongy) bone

Question 6

A patient suffers a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which region of the bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition

Question 8

Which equation best represents the mineral composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$ + $$PO_4$$^{3-} \rightarrow Ca_{10}($$PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 9

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption by secreting H$$^+$$ ions and enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 10

During childhood, which process is responsible for the lengthening of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 11

Which hormone increases both longitudinal and appositional growth of bone during puberty?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone (GH)

Question 12

A deficiency in which dietary component would most directly impair collagen synthesis in bone?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing activity increases bone density?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates osteoblasts to deposit new bone matrix

Question 14

Which process is described by the addition of new bone tissue to the surface, increasing bone width?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 15

If blood calcium levels drop, which hormone is released to restore homeostasis, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); increases bone resorption

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence for bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone remodeling

Question 17

Which structure in a long bone is the site of hematopoiesis in adults?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow in the epiphysis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the microscopic structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteons with concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal

Question 19

A child with a vitamin D deficiency is likely to have impaired bone mineralization. Which equation best represents the process affected?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$ + $$PO_4$$^{3-} \rightarrow Ca_{10}($$PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 20

Which bone cell type is most likely to be found trapped within the bone matrix, maintaining the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Bones & Bone Tissue: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions