$\text{Net Bone Mass} = \text{Bone Deposition} - \text{Bone Resorption}$

$\text{Blood Ca}^{2+} \downarrow \Rightarrow \text{PTH} \uparrow$

$\text{Bone Resorption} > \text{Bone Deposition}$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

Long bones are classified by their shape. Which of the following is an example of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Question 3

Which type of bone marrow is primarily responsible for hematopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow

Question 4

The inorganic component of the extracellular matrix of bone tissue is mainly composed of:

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Question 5

Which bone cell is primarily responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 6

In compact bone, the structural unit is called the osteon. Which component forms the central canal of the osteon?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 7

Which process describes the formation of bone from a cartilage model?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 8

During bone growth in length, which structure is responsible for the increase?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 9

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 10

Vitamin D is essential for bone health because it:

Accepted Answer

Promotes calcium absorption in the intestines

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone resorption and bone deposition during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Net Bone Mass} = 	ext{Bone Deposition} - 	ext{Bone Resorption}$

Question 12

A patient with a fracture undergoes bone repair. Which is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → fibrocartilaginous callus → bony callus → bone remodeling

Question 13

Which physical factor is most likely to stimulate bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Weight-bearing exercise

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between primary and secondary bone?

Accepted Answer

Primary bone is formed first and is less organized; secondary bone is mature and highly organized.

Question 15

Which equation represents the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Blood Ca}^{2+} \downarrow \Rightarrow 	ext{PTH} \uparrow$

Question 16

Which scenario best illustrates appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

An athlete's bones increase in thickness after weight training

Question 17

Which hormone is released in response to high blood calcium levels and promotes bone deposition?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 18

Which of the following is a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

Patella

Question 19

Which component of bone tissue provides tensile strength and flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 20

A patient with osteoporosis is most likely to have an imbalance in which equation?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Bone Resorption} > 	ext{Bone Deposition}$

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions