Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which anatomical term best describes the location of this injury?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which type of bone cell is primarily responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 4

A 25-year-old athlete experiences a bone fracture. Which of the following correctly lists the stages of fracture repair in order?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, soft callus, hard callus, remodeling

Question 5

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains osteons, while spongy bone does not.

Question 7

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the epiphyseal plates of their long bones. Which process will be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Growth in length of the bone

Question 8

Which of the following statements about bone matrix is correct?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic matrix, primarily hydroxyapatite, provides hardness to bone.

Question 9

A patient with osteoporosis is prescribed a medication that inhibits osteoclast activity. What is the expected effect on bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone resorption, leading to increased bone mass

Question 10

Which of the following bones is formed primarily by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Parietal bone of the skull

Question 11

A 60-year-old adult has a bone marrow biopsy. In which of the following bones is red bone marrow most likely to be found in significant amounts?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why bones are considered organs?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of multiple tissue types, including bone tissue, cartilage, and marrow.

Question 13

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of collagen in bone. Which property of bone would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Flexibility

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of vitamin D in bone physiology?

Accepted Answer

It promotes calcium absorption from the digestive tract.

Question 15

A histological slide shows concentric rings surrounding a central canal. What structure is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Osteon (Haversian system)

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone mass, bone formation, and bone resorption during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta M = F - R$$

Question 17

A 17-year-old's X-ray shows that their epiphyseal plates have closed. What does this indicate about their bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal growth has ceased

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between periosteum and endosteum?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum covers the outer surface of bone; endosteum lines the inner surfaces.

Question 19

A patient with a parathyroid tumor has elevated PTH levels. Which of the following laboratory findings would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Increased blood calcium concentration

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the patella is classified as a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

It is embedded within a tendon.

Bones and Bone Tissue: Study Guide for ANP College Students

Study Guide - Practice Questions