Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamin D

Question 2

A patient presents with a bone fracture that penetrates the skin. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Open (compound) fracture

Question 3

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 4

During bone development, which process describes the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bone?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 5

Which hormone is released in response to low blood calcium levels and stimulates osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

What is the primary structural difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and smooth, while spongy bone consists of a honeycomb of trabeculae

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

They secrete unmineralized bone matrix and are responsible for bone formation

Question 8

A child with vitamin D deficiency is likely to develop which bone disorder?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between bone mass and mechanical stress according to Wolff's Law?

Accepted Answer

$M_{bone} \propto S_{mechanical}$

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the epiphyseal plate during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

It is replaced by bone when the diaphysis and epiphysis fuse, ending growth

Question 11

Which bone cell type acts as a stress or strain sensor and helps maintain bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 12

A patient with hypercalcemia is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Nonresponsiveness of nerves and muscles

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the composition of the organic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers and ground substance

Question 15

Which equation best represents the process of bone remodeling under hormonal control?

Accepted Answer

$R_{bone} = f(PTH, Ca^{2+})$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about bone marrow is correct?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow is found in the heads of femur and humerus in adults

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption exceeds bone deposition

Question 18

Which hormone modulates the activity of growth hormone to ensure proper bone growth during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the inorganic component of bone?

Accepted Answer

It is composed primarily of hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate crystals)

Question 20

A patient with a bone disorder characterized by haphazard bone deposition and resorption, resulting in fast-growing but poorly formed bone, is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Paget's disease

Nurs 1002- Obj #6

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