Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They resorb (break down) bone matrix, aiding in bone remodeling.

Question 2

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures due to a decrease in which component of bone?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix

Question 3

Which of the following bone markings is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Facet – forms part of a joint surface

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the periosteum is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It contains Sharpey's fibers that anchor it to the bone matrix.

Question 5

A long bone fracture that damages the diaphysis would most likely affect which structure?

Accepted Answer

The medullary cavity containing yellow marrow

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found in the interior of flat bones?

Accepted Answer

It reduces the weight of the bone while providing strength along lines of stress.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Sensing mechanical stress and communicating with other bone cells

Question 8

A child with a vitamin D deficiency is likely to have bones that are:

Accepted Answer

Flexible and prone to bending due to poor mineralization

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the main inorganic component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca}_{10}(\mathrm{PO}_4)_6(\mathrm{OH})_2$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes appositional growth of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage-forming cells in the perichondrium secrete new matrix on the surface.

Question 11

Which of the following bones is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 12

A patient presents with anemia. Which adaptation might occur in their skeletal system to compensate?

Accepted Answer

Yellow marrow in long bones converts to red marrow to increase hematopoiesis.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of collagen fibers in adjacent lamellae of an osteon?

Accepted Answer

They run in opposite directions in adjacent lamellae to resist twisting forces.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone is organized along lines of stress and contains trabeculae.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why bone is able to resist compression and tension?

Accepted Answer

The combination of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals in the matrix

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone cell and its function?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte – bone matrix maintenance

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the epiphyseal plate in long bones?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of bone lengthening during childhood and adolescence.

Question 19

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of fibrocartilage compared to hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

It has thick collagen fibers and great tensile strength.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae and allow communication between osteocytes.

Bones and Skeletal Tissue: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions