Q: Which of the following equations best represents the proportion of organic and inorganic components in bone matrix?

$\frac{\text{Organic components}}{\text{Total bone matrix}} = 0.35$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the perichondrium in cartilage tissue?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds cartilage, resists outward pressure, and functions in growth and repair of cartilage.

Question 2

A patient presents with a torn meniscus in the knee. Which type of cartilage is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 3

Which of the following statements about bone matrix composition is correct?

Accepted Answer

The organic components contribute to flexibility and tensile strength, while the inorganic components provide hardness and resistance to compression.

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the initial model for most bones in the body?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and what is its origin?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts; derived from a line of white blood cells (hematopoietic stem cells)

Question 6

A 10-year-old child is experiencing rapid bone growth. Which process is primarily responsible for the lengthening of long bones during this stage?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 7

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the epiphyseal plates during childhood, and what is its source?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone; pituitary gland

Question 8

A 65-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption outpaces bone deposition, resulting in low bone mass.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is the dense outer layer, while spongy bone is the internal network filled with marrow.

Question 10

A patient suffers a fracture in which the bone is crushed into many fragments. What type of fracture is this, and in which population is it most common?

Accepted Answer

Comminuted fracture; most common in elderly individuals with porous bones

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the proportion of organic and inorganic components in bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{	ext{Organic components}}{	ext{Total bone matrix}} = 0.35$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why bones are able to resist both compression and tension?

Accepted Answer

The unique composition of bone matrix, with organic collagen fibers for tensile strength and inorganic mineral salts for hardness, allows resistance to both forces.

Question 13

A child with vitamin D deficiency develops bowed legs due to poorly mineralized bones. What is the name of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 14

Which of the following best describes appositional growth in bone?

Accepted Answer

Growth in width by addition of bone tissue to the surface of the diaphysis by osteoblasts

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Production of synovial fluid for joint lubrication

Question 16

A 17-year-old athlete has stopped growing in height. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The diaphysis and epiphysis have fused, closing the epiphyseal plates.

Question 17

Which of the following bone cells is responsible for maintaining the health of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 18

A patient with a bone tumor is diagnosed with osteosarcoma. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

A form of bone cancer

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Types, and Functions

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards