$$BMD = \frac{\text{mass of mineral}}{\text{volume of bone}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

Which type of bone cell is responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 3

A patient presents with brittle bones due to a lack of collagen fibers. Which component of bone tissue is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Organic matrix

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the chemical reaction for the formation of hydroxyapatite in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$10Ca^{2+} + 6PO$$_$$4^{3-} + 2OH$$^- \rightarrow Ca_{10}($$PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why bones are able to resist compression but are flexible under tension?

Accepted Answer

Bones contain both mineral salts and collagen fibers

Question 7

A child with vitamin D deficiency is likely to develop which bone disorder, and what is the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Rickets; impaired calcium absorption leads to soft, deformed bones

Question 8

Which of the following statements about compact and spongy bone is correct?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains osteons, while spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 9

During bone repair after a fracture, which step occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a hematoma

Question 10

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 11

A patient with excessive bone resorption and porous bones is most likely suffering from which condition?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum in bone health?

Accepted Answer

It contains osteoblasts for bone growth and repair

Question 13

Which type of cartilage is found at the articular surfaces of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, osteoid is secreted, bone matrix is mineralized

Question 15

Which formula represents the calculation for bone mineral density (BMD) using mass and volume?

Accepted Answer

$$BMD = \frac{	ext{mass of mineral}}{	ext{volume of bone}}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why elderly individuals are more prone to bone fractures?

Accepted Answer

Decreased osteoblast activity leads to reduced bone mass and strength

Question 17

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of fibrocartilage compared to hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage contains more collagen fibers, making it stronger and more resistant to compression

Question 18

Which of the following best describes Wolff's Law?

Accepted Answer

Bone grows and remodels in response to the mechanical stresses placed upon it

Question 19

A patient with Paget's disease of bone is likely to have which abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Disorganized bone remodeling resulting in enlarged and misshapen bones

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between appositional and interstitial growth in cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth adds new layers to the surface, while interstitial growth expands cartilage from within

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Study Guide and Key Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions