Q: Which equation correctly represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in skeletal muscle?

$$\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\text{CO}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} + 36\text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It transmits the action potential from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber via acetylcholine, initiating depolarization of the sarcolemma.

Question 2

During muscle contraction, which of the following changes occur in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The Z-discs move closer together as the I band and H zone decrease in width.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6	ext{CO}_2 + 6	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 36	ext{ATP}$$

Question 4

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to a defect in acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction. Which step in excitation-contraction coupling is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of the action potential from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing hormones

Question 6

Which arrangement of fascicles is best suited for closing an opening, such as the orbicularis oris muscle?

Accepted Answer

Circular

Question 7

In a third-class lever system, such as the biceps brachii flexing the forearm, which of the following is the correct order of components from proximal to distal?

Accepted Answer

Fulcrum, effort, load

Question 8

Which muscles form the quadriceps group in the anterior thigh?

Accepted Answer

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Question 9

Which neuroglia cell is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 10

During an action potential, which ion channel opens first and in which direction do the ions move?

Accepted Answer

Sodium channels open first, allowing Na$$^+ to $$move into the cell.

Question 11

Which value best represents the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$-70\ 	ext{mV}$$

Question 12

A patient has damage to Broca’s area. Which function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Producing coherent speech

Question 13

Which of the following correctly lists the order of the meninges from outermost to innermost?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 14

Which brain region is primarily responsible for coordination of voluntary movements and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 15

If a person’s right hemisphere is dominant, which function is most likely enhanced?

Accepted Answer

Spatial and creative abilities

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature and hormone release

Question 17

Which equation best represents the relationship between force of muscle contraction and the number of motor units recruited?

Accepted Answer

$$F = n 	imes f_{unit}$$

Question 18

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin but normal motor function. Which division of the nervous system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Afferent division

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a mode of protection for the brain?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels

BSC 2085 Exam 3 Review: Muscular and Nervous Systems (Chapters 9-12)

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