Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total Blood Volume}} \times 100$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of erythrocytes in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen from the lungs to body tissues

Question 2

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath. Laboratory tests reveal a low hemoglobin concentration and small, pale erythrocytes. Which type of anemia is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining the colloid osmotic pressure of blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

During hemostasis, which step involves the conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation

Question 5

A person with blood type AB can safely receive blood from which of the following types?

Accepted Answer

Any ABO blood type

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the bicarbonate buffer system in blood?

Accepted Answer

$CO_2 + H_2O \rightarrow H_2CO_3 \rightarrow H^+ + HCO_3^-$

Question 7

Which leukocyte is most abundant in normal blood and is primarily responsible for phagocytosing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 8

A patient with chronic kidney disease develops anemia. Which hormone deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 9

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules

Question 10

A patient receives a mismatched blood transfusion. Which of the following is the most immediate risk?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of donor erythrocytes

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why individuals with sickle cell trait (heterozygotes) are resistant to malaria?

Accepted Answer

Their erythrocytes rupture easily, preventing parasite reproduction

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Hemocytoblast → Proerythroblast → Erythroblast → Reticulocyte → Erythrocyte

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Forming a temporary plug by adhering to exposed collagen

Question 14

A patient with a genetic deficiency in clotting factor VIII is most likely to suffer from which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the liver in blood composition?

Accepted Answer

It produces most plasma proteins, including albumin and fibrinogen

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total Blood Volume}} 	imes 100$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains cells suspended in a non-living matrix (plasma)

Question 18

A patient with polycythemia vera is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Stroke due to increased blood viscosity

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

They act directly against virus-infected and tumor cells, and produce antibodies

Question 20

Which of the following is the most abundant cation in blood plasma, important for maintaining osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

Na$^+$ (sodium)

Cardiovascular System: Blood – Structure, Function, and Composition

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