Question 1

If blood flow through the systemic circulation is 5 L/min, what is the expected blood flow through the pulmonary circulation in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

5 L/min

Question 2

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains the most smooth muscle and is primarily responsible for regulating vessel diameter?

Accepted Answer

Tunica media

Question 3

Contraction of vascular smooth muscle causes ________, while relaxation causes ________.

Accepted Answer

vasoconstriction; vasodilation

Question 4

Blood flow from arteries to arterioles is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Divergent

Question 5

Which structural feature of capillary walls is most important for their function in exchange?

Accepted Answer

Single layer of endothelial cells

Question 6

Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed. Why might inhibiting angiogenesis be useful in cancer treatment?

Accepted Answer

It prevents tumors from developing their own blood supply

Question 7

Which property of artery walls plays a key role in sustaining the driving pressure created by the heart?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 8

What is the formula for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = Diastolic\ Pressure + \frac{1}{3}(Systolic\ Pressure - Diastolic\ Pressure)$$

Question 9

A patient has a blood pressure of 100/70 mm Hg. What is the pulse pressure?

Accepted Answer

30 mm Hg

Question 10

Which equation relates mean arterial pressure (MAP) to cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = CO 	imes TPR$$

Question 11

If peripheral resistance increases and cardiac output remains constant, what happens to mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Accepted Answer

MAP increases

Question 12

Which two organ systems are primarily responsible for homeostatic regulation of blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular and renal systems

Question 13

During myogenic autoregulation, what happens to an arteriole when blood pressure increases?

Accepted Answer

It constricts

Question 14

Which type of catecholamine receptor is responsible for vasodilation in the smooth muscle of skeletal muscle arterioles during a fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor

Question 15

Why is velocity of blood flow lowest in the capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Total cross-sectional area of capillaries is greatest

Question 16

Which force is responsible for pushing water out of capillaries during filtration?

Accepted Answer

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 17

Bulk flow moves fluid, proteins, and bacteria ________ lymph capillaries.

Accepted Answer

into

Question 18

Which of the following is an uncontrollable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition

Question 19

Hypertension is defined as chronically elevated blood pressure with systolic pressure greater than ________ mm Hg or diastolic pressure greater than ________ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

140; 90

Chapter 15

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards