$$0.5\ \text{mol/L} \times 3\ \text{osmol/mol} = 1.5\ \text{osmol/L}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It provides a protective coat and is involved in cell recognition and interaction.

Question 2

A solution contains 1 mol/L glucose and 1 mol/L NaCl. What is the osmolarity of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$3.0\ 	ext{osmol/L}$$

Question 3

Which statement correctly distinguishes between osmolarity and tonicity?

Accepted Answer

Osmolarity measures total solute concentration, while tonicity predicts cell volume changes based on non-penetrating solutes.

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a 300 mOsm/L solution of urea. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell because urea is a penetrating solute and water will follow urea into the cell.

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lipid rafts in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are regions with higher cholesterol content and an abundance of signaling proteins.

Question 6

If a cell is placed in a solution containing only non-penetrating solutes at 280 mOsm/L, what is the tonicity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 7

Which equation correctly calculates the osmolarity of a solution containing 0.5 mol/L MgCl$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ 	ext{mol/L} 	imes 3\ 	ext{osmol/mol} = 1.5\ 	ext{osmol/L}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why osmotic equilibrium does not equal chemical equilibrium in body compartments?

Accepted Answer

Water moves freely to balance osmotic pressure, but solute concentrations can differ due to selective permeability.

Question 9

A patient receives an intravenous solution that is isosmotic but contains a penetrating solute. What is the likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell as the penetrating solute enters and water follows.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of integral membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating transport across the membrane and acting as receptors

Question 11

Which compartment contains the highest concentration of potassium ions ($$K^+) in $$the human body?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular fluid

Question 12

What is the main difference between osmolarity and osmolality?

Accepted Answer

Osmolarity is measured per litre of solution, while osmolality is per kg of solvent.

Question 13

A cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of non-penetrating solutes than its cytoplasm. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink due to water efflux.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 15

Which type of cell membrane protein is most likely to be involved in cell-to-cell recognition?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 16

A solution contains 0.2 mol/L NaCl and 0.1 mol/L glucose. Calculate the total osmolarity.

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ 	ext{osmol/L}$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about cell membrane carbohydrates is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are always attached to proteins or lipids and are involved in cell recognition.

Question 18

Which of the following would be considered an isotonic solution for human cells?

Accepted Answer

A solution with 300 mOsm/L of non-penetrating solutes

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of increased cholesterol content in certain regions of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Increased membrane viscosity and formation of lipid rafts

Cell Membrane Structure, Composition, and Dynamics

Study Guide - Practice Questions