Q: Which equation best represents the rate of diffusion ($R$) in relation to molecular weight ($M$) and concentration gradient ($\Delta C$)?

$R = k \times \frac{1}{M} \times \Delta C$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis across a semipermeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 2

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the rate of diffusion ($R$) in relation to molecular weight ($M$) and concentration gradient ($\Delta C$)?

Accepted Answer

$R = k 	imes \frac{1}{M} 	imes \Delta C$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why dialysis tubing can be used to model selective permeability?

Accepted Answer

It permits passage of small molecules while restricting larger ones, similar to a cell membrane.

Question 5

In an experiment, two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Solution A contains 0.9% NaCl and Solution B contains 10% NaCl. What will happen to the water movement?

Accepted Answer

Water will move from Solution A to Solution B.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Requires energy in the form of ATP.

Question 7

A red blood cell is placed in distilled water. What process occurs and what is the result?

Accepted Answer

Hemolysis; the cell bursts due to water influx.

Question 8

Which term describes the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without energy input?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Question 9

If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, what will happen to its volume?

Accepted Answer

It will remain the same.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the concentration gradient in membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

It determines the direction and rate of passive transport.

Question 11

A student adds Benedict's test reagent to a solution and heats it. The solution turns orange. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Presence of reducing sugars.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding active transport?

Accepted Answer

It moves molecules against their concentration gradient using energy.

Question 13

Silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) is added to a solution containing sodium chloride ($NaCl$). What is the expected result?

Accepted Answer

A white precipitate of silver chloride ($AgCl$) forms.

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios would result in the fastest rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Small molecules with a high concentration gradient.

Question 15

A dialysis bag containing glucose is placed in distilled water. After several hours, Benedict's test is performed on the water outside the bag. What result is expected and why?

Accepted Answer

Orange color; glucose diffused through the bag into the water.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes hemolysis?

Accepted Answer

Bursting of a cell due to excessive water intake.

Question 17

Which solution is considered isotonic to human red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

0.9% NaCl

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct result of placing a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water enters the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 19

Which process is described by the equation $J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$, where $J$ is the flux, $D$ is the diffusion coefficient, and $\frac{dC}{dx}$ is the concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Question 20

A cell is placed in a solution and begins to shrink. Which term best describes the solution and the process?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic solution; crenation

Cell Membrane Transport: Key Terms and Learning Objectives

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