Q: If a cell produces $10$ NADH and $2$ FADH$_2$ during cellular respiration, how many ATP molecules are generated by oxidative phosphorylation? (Assume $1$ NADH = $2.5$ ATP, $1$ FADH$_2$ = $1.5$ ATP)

$10 \times 2.5 + 2 \times 1.5 = 25 + 3 = 28$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of catabolism in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Question 3

Which of the following reactions represents substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{ADP} + P_i \rightarrow \mathrm{ATP}$

Question 4

In the electron transport chain, what is the primary role of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

To act as the final electron acceptor, forming water.

Question 5

Which phase of glucose oxidation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 6

If a cell produces $10$ NADH and $2$ FADH$_2$ during cellular respiration, how many ATP molecules are generated by oxidative phosphorylation? (Assume $1$ NADH = $2.5$ ATP, $1$ FADH$_2$ = $1.5$ ATP)

Accepted Answer

$10 	imes 2.5 + 2 	imes 1.5 = 25 + 3 = 28$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes chemiosmotic coupling in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The use of a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis via ATP synthase.

Question 8

Which molecule is produced as a result of the reduction of FAD during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

FADH$_2$

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs Cycle per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 10

A patient has a genetic defect that impairs ATP synthase function. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 11

Which of the following best defines anabolism?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy.

Question 12

Which of the following reactions is an example of oxidation?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{H}_2 \rightarrow 2\mathrm{H}^+ + 2\mathrm{e}^-$

Question 13

Which of the following is a metabolic intermediate in the Krebs Cycle?

Accepted Answer

Citrate

Question 14

Which process directly produces ATP in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 15

Which of the following molecules can be used for cellular respiration besides glucose?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids

Question 16

What is the main reason why the mitochondrial matrix has a lower concentration of H$^+$ ions compared to the intermembrane space?

Accepted Answer

H$^+$ ions are actively pumped into the intermembrane space by electron transport chain complexes.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis driven by the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH$_2$ to oxygen.

Question 18

Which equation correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + P_i + 	ext{energy}$

Question 19

Which of the following is a key function of metabolic pathways in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regulate the flow of energy and matter through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Question 20

A mutation causes a cell to lack FAD. Which process would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Krebs Cycle

Cell Metabolism: Key Concepts, Pathways, and Calculations

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