Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for energy production in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 2

What is the main function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Acting as a fragile barrier and outer boundary

Question 3

Which structure is packed with organelles that perform specific functions?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 4

Integral proteins are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Fully embedded in the lipid bilayer and protruding from both sides

Question 5

Which organelle is labeled as the control center of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 6

Peripheral proteins differ from integral proteins in that peripheral proteins:

Accepted Answer

Loosely attach to integral proteins or membrane lipids

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

What is the function of transmembrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

They act as transport channels for small molecules or ions

Question 9

If a mutation prevents the formation of cytoskeletal elements, which cellular process would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Cell shape and movement

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER)?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and modification

Question 11

A cell is observed to have a high number of lysosomes. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion and breakdown of waste

Question 12

Which organelle is involved in detoxifying harmful substances within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 13

If the plasma membrane is damaged, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Loss of cellular compartmentalization

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 15

A scientist isolates a protein that spans the entire lipid bilayer and acts as a channel for ions. This protein is best classified as:

Accepted Answer

Integral protein

Question 16

If a cell's Golgi apparatus is nonfunctional, which process would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Modification and sorting of proteins for secretion

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the nucleus is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the control center of the cell

Question 18

A mutation in the gene encoding a transmembrane protein results in a channel that cannot open. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Ions cannot move through the lipid bilayer via this channel

Question 19

Which organelle is most directly involved in the synthesis of proteins that are exported from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER

Cell Structure and Membrane Proteins: Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions