Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support, mediates communication, and identifies the cell.

Question 2

According to the Fluid Mosaic Model, which property of the plasma membrane is most critical for its function?

Accepted Answer

Fluidity

Question 3

A patient is given a hypertonic intravenous solution. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will shrink and may crenate.

Question 4

Which equation best represents the driving force for diffusion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$ J = -D \frac{dC}{dx} $$

Question 5

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

It involves carrier or channel proteins for polar or charged solutes.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why sports drinks are recommended after strenuous exercise?

Accepted Answer

They contain electrolytes that help restore ECF tonicity and prevent cellular dehydration.

Question 8

Which process requires energy from ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 9

A cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytosol. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell, causing it to swell and possibly lyse.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Question 11

Which equation describes osmotic pressure exerted by solutes in a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$ \Pi = iMRT $$

Question 12

Which process involves the engulfment of large particles such as bacteria by immune cells?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 13

What is the main function of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

They use oxygen to break down toxic chemicals, producing hydrogen peroxide.

Question 15

Which type of transport requires a carrier protein and moves solutes from low to high concentration?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 16

A drug acts as an antagonist at a membrane receptor. What is its likely effect?

Accepted Answer

It blocks the receptor, preventing ligand binding and cellular response.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

It is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support and shape to the cell.

Question 18

Which process is responsible for the secretion of large molecules from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleus in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It contains most of the cell's DNA and is the primary location for making RNA.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about isotonic solutions?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of water into or out of the cell.

Chapter 3

Study Guide - Practice Questions