Question 1

Which of the following organelles is responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP supply?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a large number of mitochondria. What can be inferred about the cell's function?

Accepted Answer

It is likely very active and requires a lot of energy.

Question 3

Which organelle contains its own DNA, RNA, and ribosomes, and can reproduce independently within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

Accepted Answer

Lipid and steroid synthesis

Question 5

A muscle cell is observed to have an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this organelle in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing calcium ions ($$Ca^{2+})$$

Question 6

Which organelle is primarily responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 8

Peroxisomes are abundant in liver and kidney cells. What is their primary function?

Accepted Answer

Detoxification of harmful substances and neutralization of free radicals

Question 9

Which of the following organelles is classified as non-membranous?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 10

During cell division, which non-membranous organelle is directly involved in chromosome movement?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Maintains cell shape and stabilizes organelle position

Question 12

A cell is observed to have a large number of ribosomes attached to its rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of proteins

Question 13

Which of the following statements about chromatin is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It condenses into chromosomes during cell division.

Question 14

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of soluble proteins that function in the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

Free ribosomes

Question 15

A patient has a genetic disorder affecting the histone proteins in their cells. Which cellular process is most likely to be disrupted?

Accepted Answer

Packing and regulation of DNA

Question 16

Which equation best represents the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Resisting pulling forces on the cell

Question 18

Which organelle is most likely to be abundant in cells that are actively involved in detoxification, such as liver cells?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is responsible for creating RNA for ribosomes.

Question 20

A cell is observed to have many vesicles pinching off from its Golgi apparatus. What process is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Cell Structure: Cytoplasm and Cell Organelles

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards