Question 1

Which of the following best describes the smallest living unit in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The cell

Question 2

Which statement is NOT part of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells can survive independently outside of organisms.

Question 3

The cytoplasm of a cell contains organelles suspended in a watery substance. What is the name of this watery part?

Accepted Answer

Cytosol

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the composition of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A double layer of phospholipids with embedded proteins

Question 5

Which property is NOT characteristic of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes proteins

Question 6

Which of the following is a difference between membranous and non-membranous organelles?

Accepted Answer

Membranous organelles are surrounded by a lipid bilayer, while non-membranous organelles are not.

Question 7

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

A cell with a large number of mitochondria is most likely specialized for which function?

Accepted Answer

Active transport and high energy demand

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of transcription in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template

Question 10

Given the DNA sequence CAT AAA CGT, what is the complementary RNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

GUA UUU GCA

Question 11

Which of the following best defines permeability?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a membrane to allow substances to pass through it

Question 12

Which equation best represents the rate of diffusion according to Fick's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 13

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Swell and possibly burst due to water influx

Question 14

Which of the following best describes active transport?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using ATP

Question 15

Which two ions are most commonly moved against their concentration gradients in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ($$Na^+) $$and potassium ($$K^+)$$

Question 16

Which phase of the cell cycle does a cell spend most of its time in?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Question 17

Which tissue category is specialized for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue

Question 18

Which type of glandular cell produces hormones?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine cell

Question 19

Which tissue has the least ability to regenerate after injury?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contraction

Cell Structure, Function, and Tissue Organization: Study Guide for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions